Observation Log 2 Language Development Education Essay Free Essays

The accompanying hypothesis I considered as I would see it is the semantic correspondence formative hypothesis and the speculations are those by Chomsky, Piaget and Vygotsky. I accept phonetic correspondence is an of import divide in human improvement since it a significant mode of cultural collaboration. Blending to Beckett and Taylor ( ) , the jargon of children between the ages of 3 to 6 extends from 2 word sentence to progressively complex sentences. We will compose a custom article test on Perception Log 2 Language Development Education Essay or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now They accept that as the children ‘s jargon expansion, they get familiar with the guidelines of language and they become ready to use various signifiers of words. While I was recognizing Eva, I saw that the vast majority of the clasp she reacted with non verbal imparting and it made me increasingly intrigued on how etymological correspondence creates. Chomsky ( 1957 ) accepted that sentences are routinely made for all intents and purposes each clasp. He accepted that we have inward guidelines that empower us to make up one’s brain which sentences are syntactic address and pass on our planned significances. Chomsky accepted that children have unconditioned capacities, a familial arrangement to larn semantic correspondence and one time they start to hear etymological correspondence around them, they naturally comprehend the development of that phonetic correspondence. He contended this is a direct result of the natural demeanors, encephalon improvement and psychological readiness. His hypothesis accentuates the interest for etymological correspondence in the earth to energize kids ‘s inborn capacities. ( Crain 2005 ) Vygotsky distinguished four unique periods of address improvement which are the rough, naif mental stage from 2 to 4 mature ages. The child in this stage is get bringing down to pick up that words are images for objects. They have an extraordinary marvel with regards to what articles are called. Followed by the vain or private location stage from 4 to 7 mature ages. Youngsters every now and again talk out loud to themselves as they perform endeavors or work out employments in this period of advancement. This private location is the child ‘s introduction of their idea. Also, in end the in developing or inside discourse stage from 8 mature ages on. During this stage the children ‘s private location reductions and turns out to be significantly more disguised. They tackle occupations in their caputs or using inside location, by and by you will hear individuals using private location when confronted with bizarre or complex employments ( Nixon and Aldwinckle, 2003 ) . proceeds until kids arrive at young. Piaget and Chomsky both concurred that children are non formed by the outer condition however precipitously make mental developments. Chomsky accepted that kids naturally make linguistic signifiers blending to the familial structure and conversely, Piaget underlined on hereditarily controlled turn of events and accepted that intellectual developments rise up out of the child ‘s ain endeavor to cover with and do feeling of the universe. Chomsky other than accepted that etymological correspondence is an amazingly specific mental module that creates pixie freely from different signifiers of information and children gain proficiency with an unpredictable syntactic framework about entirely on their ain. Be that as it may, Piaget saw semantic correspondence as more firmly identified with general psychological turn of events. Piaget other than recommended that between the ages of 2 and 6, meager Blending to Piaget ‘s hypothesis, kids are brought into the world with fundamental activity plot and during the tangible engine time frame ( birth to 2 mature ages ) they utilize these activity plan to retain data about the universe. He portrayed two maps of children ‘s semantic correspondence, along these lines the prideful person and the mingled. During the tangible engine time frame, kids ‘s phonetic correspondence is prideful and they talk either for themselves or for the pleasance of tie ining any individual who happens to be at that place with the movement of the moment. Piaget proposed that during the preoperational stage this period ( 2 and 7 mature ages ) , kids ‘s etymological correspondence makes fast progression. The improvement of their psychological plan lets them quickly suit new words and condition of affairss and they start to fabricate basic sentences. ( Appendix aë†â ¦ . ) Piaget ‘s hypothesis depicts kids ‘s phonetic correspondence as emblematic, leting them to wander past what he named as at this very moment and get down to talk around things as the days gone by, the great beyond, individuals, sentiments and occasions. During this clasp, kids ‘s phonetic correspondence much of the time shows instances of what Piaget named animism and pride. Animism alludes to youthful children ‘s tendency to see everything, including lifeless things, to be alive. Since they see things carefully from their ain position, kids ‘s phonetic correspondence other than mirrors their vanity, whereby they characteristic marvels with indistinguishable emotions and purposes from their ain. Piaget ‘s hypothesis other than depicts moral realism as an element of children ‘s phonetic correspondence advancement at this stage, since youthful children will in general focus on the degree of any damage brought about by an individual ‘s moves, without taking into history whether that individual had positive or negative purposes. Language improvement exchanges with how a child builds up his/her semantic correspondence achievements during their developing period. Language improvement has been an issue bantered among semantic correspondence specialists over a significant stretch of clasp. Specialists have contradicting positions on how a child gains/learns etymological correspondence. There are four boss hypotheses of semantic correspondence advancement and they all have various thoughts on the obtaining of etymological correspondence. Behaviorists ( Skinner ) accept that etymological correspondence is found out. Nativists ( Chomsky ) accept that etymological correspondence is unconditioned and alone to universes. Psychological theoreticians ( Piaget ) accept etymological correspondence is non unconditioned yet a product of subjective turn of events. At last, cultural interactionists ( Vygotsky ) accept that etymological correspondence procurement is an outcome of both natural and ecological components. These h ypotheses have their ain way of understanding etymological correspondence advancement, and somewhat, they all appear to be very changing over. Be that as it may, out of the four hypotheses, the cultural interactionist position supplications to me the most ; so my hypothesis of phonetic correspondence advancement is positively the cultural interactionist position. In contrast to Piaget, Vygotski believed semantic correspondence to be cardinal to improvement. Despite the fact that Piaget recognized phonetic correspondence with advancement with footings, for example, ‘egocentric address ‘ , he did non trust it winning, expressing it was because of the child ‘s powerlessness to accept from another position. Vygotski in any case, thought standing up noisy gives the child a way to frame their thoughts and steer their activities. Examination has appeared, children who use ‘egocentric ‘ or ‘private address ‘ show more prominent improvement on work e xcursion endeavors than other people who do non use or less private location. Tests into this theme, has other than indicated that Vygotski ‘s estimation on kids ‘s address is a vastly improved depiction than Jean piagets Piaget and Vygotsky are in understanding that children are dynamic researchers. They add to their ain turn of events. This implies kids fabricate methods of groking the universe, ( discernment and dread ) , through their exercises. They vary in the assault that children take to sorting out these. Piaget regions that it happens predominantly through physical utilization of articles around them. Vygotsky, that it is socially interceded. Fitting to Crain ( ) , between the ages of 2 and 3, kids start to do sentences of at least three words and somewhere in the range of 3 and 6 mature ages their language structure gets intricate. They begin to use Where, What, Why, for outline, â€Å" What is that? † ( Appendix aë†â ¦ . ) The most effective method to refer to Observation Log 2 Language Development Education Essay, Essay models

Migration and Citizenship Amendment Healthy Migrants

Question: Talk about theMigration and Citizenship Amendmentfor Healthy Migrants. Answer: Presentation The Refugee Council of Australia is a non administrative association that has radiated watchfulness to ensure and advance the rights and interests of displaced person and haven searchers in Australia. It has assumed a bizarre job through taking part in promotion with the United Nation High Commission for Refugees and the legislature of Australia to guarantee that human privileges of displaced people and shelter searchers are maintained. The Refugee Council of Australia has created this senate accommodation in execution of its job of protecting the enthusiasm of the legal non residents in Australia. It is the desire for the board that the senate will discover legitimate and moral sense in this accommodation and uphold the proposals that will be exemplified in this. Encroachment of the Rule of Law Doctrine In solid indication the standard of law convention is supported by essential rules that were propounded by the Lord Birmingham. (Ruler Bingham, 2007) Firstly is that the law ought to apply similarly to all. The Healthy transient bill has disregarded this guideline by expressing in Section 60(8) that the specialists and the clinical orderlies won't face any lawbreaker or common arraignment incase they carry out any criminal of common wrong while directing the clinical tests on a non legal resident. It is the accommodation of the gathering that the legitimate non resident ought to be given an equivalent treatment like other Australian residents. The second guideline of the standard of law is that the law ought to maintain global law standards (Lord Bingham, 2007). Where the clinical specialists under segment 60(8) have a liberated circumspection to do anything with the body of a person it repudiates the rule that every single individual reserve a privilege to the most elevated achievable measures of clinical consideration (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Article 12) The bill should embed an arrangement that expresses that the legislature will give quality clinical treatment to the legal non residents. The convention of the standard of law additionally embodies the rule that the law should give a reasonable preliminary. This is cardinal standard of the standard of law and the way that area 60(8) has avoided the specialists from any lawbreaker or common obligation adds up to a premature delivery of equity to the legal non resident. They ought to likewise be concurred a reasonable hearing in a skilled official courtroom or council inside Australia or some other perceived group of universal law (ICCPR Art., 16). The resistance that is allowed to the specialists by the demonstration is a negligible cartoon of equity and is to all aims and purposes unjustified. Such insusceptibility isn't perceived at the global law level. The bill should express that wile conduction the clinical tests on the legitimate non resident a clinical specialist will be subject for their activity. The standard of law is the most prosperous innovation against underestimation, mistreatment and regulatory treachery and the officials ought not sabotage its significance by accommodating a cruel use of the law in the Bill. The pastor under segment 28A (1C) ought not have a flat out capacity to announce what he regards as a danger to open heath care. The standard of law necessitates that force ought to be constrained and for this situation the choice of the priest must be reviewed by an extraordinary board of trustees of specialists. Another core value of the standard of law is that the law must ensure the key human rights (Lord Bingham, 2007). For this situation the bill has violated upon these principal human rights in each feeling of the word. The administrators should make harmony with the way that they are likewise committed to authorize and ensure the principal human rights. The Refugee gathering of Australia suggests that the segment 60(8) ought to be canceled and another area embedded requiring clinical specialists to maintain the clinical law standards and ought not go beneath the standard of section of land that is anticipated from them. Use of the Siracusa Principles and the International Covenant on Civil (ICCPR) and Political Rights on the Heath Migrant Bill The Siracusa standard gives a defense to the penetrate of the ICCPR and further accommodate the motivation behind why the human right that have been given in worldwide instrument ought to be restricted. The Refugee board of Australia valued the way that the administrators have tried to legitimize any confinements and infringement executed by declaring that the bill is in consonance with all Australian and global human rights law (Healthy Migrants Bill (2016) Explanatory Memorandum). It is just reasonable that we research the different disparaged segment of the ICCPR to conceivably decide whether undoubtedly they are supported by the Siracusa standards on Limitation and Derogation. As per segment 28 A (6) it is inexhaustibly evident that the clinical assent of a legitimate non resident won't be essential when the administration need to direct any test on the person. To add affront to the injury, the clinical chaperons won't focus on the reality whether one has an extreme prior ailment. Ordinance of translation can't dispose of the overwhelming reality that this area is an undisguised infringement of the natural human poise of an individual and which everybody is qualifies for and it should be maintained and regarded (ICCPR, Preamble). The chamber attests that it is a genuine disjointedness to give less an incentive to ones life mankind. An individual who is of sound brain and of lawful age must give a clinical agree to any treatment that they are to experience or be exposed to (ICCPR Art., 7). Area 28 A (6) is an undisguised encroachment and infringement of this prerequisite. It challenges the crucial ideas that have been set somewhere around the standard of self assurance and self-governance that have been perceived at both the worldwide household level. In this regard, it is brought to the information on the place of parliament that global law standards can't be damaged and be advocated by conjuring a city law. The Siracusa guideline express that the ICCPR may just be damaged under uncommon conditions which incorporate where there is a danger to general wellbeing and life of the whole country. Be that as it may, it is of specific hugeness to take note of that the danger must be unavoidable. Area 28 A (6) doesn't think about this factor as it expresses that the legislature may play out the clinical tests whenever they esteem think that its suitable to do as such. Such an infringement is so gross and doesn't meet the edge that has been given by the siracusa standards. The siracusa standards additionally express that the human right infringement under the ICCPR might be supported if there is a danger to the open ethics. It is imperative that the house parliament should take recognizance of the way that the bill contradicts profound quality standards by giving a less incentive to mankind and life. Area 28 A (6) represents an extraordinary danger to the life and soundness of the legitimate non resident. The committee in this way suggests this be revoked and more attractive arrangement be remembered for the demonstration that will require the assent of the legitimate non resident and the clinical specialists should consider the age and current wellbeing state of the person before leading any clinical wellbeing conditions. The introduction of the bill ought to completely express that it tries to maintain the respect of mankind. The Explanatory Memorandum of the bill that legitimizes the constraint and infringement of the human right ought to be viewed as insignificant and be revoked altogether. Outline The House of Parliament in Australia ought to advance a principled and cognizant methodology towards key human privileges of the exiles, refuge searchers and other legal non residents which is basic in the acknowledgment of Australias protected goals. The Health Bill should cruise towards the tide of equity and decency to all mankind and not be suffocated in non segregation and despotism. It is our expectation that the senate will consider this accommodation as it resigns to settle on a choice on the legitimacy of our cases. Yours Sincerely, Phil Glendenning President Displaced person Council of Australia Suite 4A6, 410 Elizabeth Street Surry Hills NSW 2010 admin@refugeecouncil.org.au References Solid Migrants Bill.(2016). Informative Memorandum Universal Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Adopted and opened for mark, approval and promotion by General Assembly goals 2200A (XXI) of 16 December 1966 passage into power 23 March 1976 Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CESCR.aspx Universal Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights section into power 3 January 1976 Retrieved from https://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CESCR.aspx Bingham, L. (2007). The Rule of Law. The Cambridge Law Journal, Vol. 66 Retrieved from https://www.cambridge.org/center/diaries/cambridge-law-diary/article/the-rule-of-law/0E971B5BB930C2E363D351C5CBC3B855# Relocation and Citizenship Amendment (Healthy Migrants) Bill 2016 Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation of Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights Annex, UN Doc E/CN.4/1984/4 (1984) Retrieved from https://icj.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/transfers/1984/07/Siracusa-standards ICCPR-lawful accommodation 1985-eng.pdf

Top 5 Bookish Mothers Day Gifts For The Book-Loving Mom

Top 5 Bookish Mother’s Day Gifts For The Book-Loving Mom Mother’s Day is fast approaching and so are the abundance of flowers and pink brimmed balloons declaring what we all know to be true: moms are amazing. If your mom is like mineâ€"or like meâ€"they love diving into a good book and enjoy being surrounded by all things literary. Here are the my top five bookish Mother’s Day gift options that every book-loving mom will enjoy! 1. Book of the Month Club This subscription box is one of my all-time favorite bookish Mothers Day gifts! I gifted it to my own mom for the past few years and have gifted it to myself from my own children! You can choose from three different gift options (3, 6, or 12-month subscriptions) and send to the recipient electronically, or even print the optional Book of the Month card to present your gift. Each month, subscribers select from five different releases and if they don’t want to select a book for the month in question, they can skip a month and their subscription month  rolls over.   Currently, they are running a promotion where new subscribers receive a new book with code YESPLZ! 2. DIY Book Art Simple and easy, select a quote from one of the recipient’s favorite novels and print and frame it for one of the most unique bookish Mothers Day gifts. Take it a step further and recreate the print to look like a genuine book page: author and page number surrounding the quote. I selected quotes from  East of Eden and had them enlarged as blueprints for less that three dollars at Office Depot before framing them with 2436 discounted frames from Michaels! 3. Litographs Don’t have time to create your own book art? No problem! Litographs takes excerpts or entirety of your favorite novels and recreates them as wearable art or stunning prints to display on your walls. Their options for print are impressive; ranging from essays to science fiction to epic poetry printed on totes, shirts, scarves, and wall art.   There is bound to be something for everyone. I was incredibly impressed with the quality of the Nancy Drew print I ordered for my mom, who recalled her own mom reading the series to her as a child. 4. Library Card Coasters Pair these fantastic library card coasters (available at Etsy shop TheTraveledLane)  with a bottle of wine this Mother’s Day! Featuring Jane Austen, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Harper Lee, and Lewis Carroll, these coasters will be a hit with any book lover. And be sure to check out TheTraveledLane shopss other items, as the coasters are available featuring a variety of authors and the shop is overflowing with giftable literary goodness! 5. Matching Eric Carle Clothing For the new mom or mom-to-be, grab these adorable matching Eric Carle Hungry Caterpillar wearable pieces, available at Out of Print. The shirts are available in adult, kid, and baby onesies so the entire family can get in on the bookish action! Hungry caterpillar not for you?   Dont worry!   The site offers a multitude of mom and child matching clothing such as Corduroy, Clifford, Goodnight Moon, and many more! What are your favorite bookish Mothers Day gifts? Check out even more recommendations here.   Sign up to The Goods to  receive emails about new products and promotions in the Book Riot Store.

Why I Should Be A Teacher - 805 Words

I want to be a teacher to continue to serve. I have served twenty years as officer in the United States Army and I want to continue to serve others in a different capacity. Through my time in service and later as member of the civilian work force I have seen the struggles of workers and employers as they struggle to find sustainable matches. One of the answers to this struggle a is better prepared work force. However, there are segments of our country that have been systematically left out, and I want to address that. I grew up in Seattle during the de-segregation, and it was normal for me to be the only black kid in my class. As society around me came to grips with the change in the city, I had to go to school. I could wait for programs and understanding to take hold and remove the old ways. I was labeled one of â€Å"those kids†, a â€Å"disruptive child† in the class, until at the behest of my parents and school administrators, I was tested. The test show I was not challenged by the normal material which lead to the behavior and soon I was challenged. However, my story doesn’t end there. I still had to face the challenges that our current disadvantage students face and there was a time where my future was in question. However, by the grace of a few dedicated teachers, I was able to overcome my obstacles and find some success in the classroom, because of that I want to pay it forward to the next generation. Because of the efforts of so many, I have gone on to earn myShow MoreRelatedWhy I Should Not Be A Teacher Essay1201 Words   |  5 PagesI have decided to pursue a degree in education in hopes of one day becoming a high school math teacher, which may not have been the best option. Since my decision, I have heard a myriad of reasons for why I should not become a teacher and I’ve even noticed some of these reasons myself. There are many negatives to becoming a teacher, including the workload, being underappreciated, and the small pay. Also, I shouldn’t become a teacher because of my personal feelings and ch aracteristics that aren’tRead MoreWhy I Should Be A Teacher1676 Words   |  7 PagesFor most of my life I have wanted to be a teacher. The biggest reason why I want to be a teacher is because I want to help students like my teachers have helped me. I was homeschooled until sixth grade, and once my parents put me into that school; I have wanted to become a teacher. Throughout my life, I have always enjoyed helping people. I always look for things that I can to do to help people and with teacher I can inspire students every day. I want to change my student’s lives, by teaching thenRead MoreWhy I Should Be A Teacher1076 Words   |  5 Pagesreasons why I want to be a teacher. I adore children and I think they have a great sense of humor. Teachers also have a job security and that is important because not all jobs have that. I feel like in order to be a teacher I need to have compassion for My students. As a teacher, I want to care for my students and show them apprecia tion. I want my students to succeed in what they want in life. According to Ferlazzo (2015), â€Å"Students work hardest for teachers they like and respect. When I am askedRead MoreWhy I Should Become A Teacher1044 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Do I Want to Become a Teacher? Are teachers important? When you think about teachers do you think that they get the same pay grade as doctors, lawyers, or politicians? No teachers do not even come close, but does that mean that they are that less important? Teachers have the most challenging and important job in the world. Teachers have a very difficult job but in the end, it is rewarding. Teachers get to see children develop into bright leaders, and know in their hearts that they helped shapedRead MoreWhy I Should Be A Kindergarten Teacher928 Words   |  4 Pages Perennialism I want to be a kindergarten teacher because I would love to teach the little kids to make a difference in their life. Not only that I love begin around them and helping out on anything they would need help with. Also I would teach them the right knowledge and what they needed to be taught, so that the students can be successful in life. The purpose of schooling is to get a diploma so that you can get to go to college. When you go to college then you will get a better education and aRead MoreThe Banking Concept Of Education881 Words   |  4 Pagesnarration of the teachers. â€Å"Narration leads the students to memorize mechanically the narrated account†(Freire, page 1). 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Would you still be able to readRead MoreCultural Traditions And Beliefs Into Their Classrooms1348 Words   |  6 PagesThe three people I interviewed are all first year teachers, in their early 20’s, white, and teach in a B-6 setting. As I interviewed each individual, I started to feel like they had similar perspectives. Looking over their answers now, I wonder if it’s because they all went to the same college, are close in age, and are first year teachers. I’m curious how someone in their 30’s or 40’s would respond to these questions. Some common themes I found while interviewing these individuals is that all goRead MoreAre Schools Cheating The Government?988 Words   |  4 Pagescomplaining to their parents about grades? They say it isn’t there fault, but it’s the teachers faults. Normally the parents don’t believe them, but maybe they should start too. Our school system is failing our bright, outstanding students. At least our students should be bright, and outstanding. That’s what our schools assessment tests say, but is that our students excelling in those tests or is it our teachers profound use of an eraser. Are schools cheating the government? Our schools are dumbingRead MoreThe Observation Of The Classroom Essay1541 Words   |  7 Pagesclass. This classroom consisted of two teachers, one being a special education teacher and the other a general education teacher. The class population consisted of sixty percent general education students and forty percent special education stu dents. To be precise, there were fifteen students that were general education and ten students that were special education. The teachers in this classroom parallel teach. For example, in math, the general education teacher worked with the higher functioning students

Internet And Plagiarism An Ethical And Legal Issue

RESEARCH PAPER: INTERNET AND PLAGIARISM: AN ETHICAL AND LEGAL ISSUE AMONG TODAY’S STUDENTS CMST 301 6385 DIGITAL MEDIA AND SOCIETY Prof. Robert Zornes Fall 2014 Vitor S Alves October 3, 2014 Outline The availability of online research has increased the probability that a material can become plagiarized, resulting in an ethical and legal issue. However, it has also introduced solutions to detecting plagiarism with the use of online plagiarism software. 1. Introduction. 2. Understanding plagiarism. a. Plagiarism and the written word. 3. Plagiarism and the Internet. a. Students turn towards the Internet for research. b. Analysis on plagiarism and plagiarists. c. Plagiarism affects the student, the institution, and society. 4. Preventing plagiarism. a. The academic integrity in institutions and the need to make them known. b. Revising school policies so they are up to date. c. Instructors are able to detect plagiarism with the use of unique programs. 5. Conclusion. Research Paper: Internet and Plagiarism: An Ethical and Legal Issue Among Today’s Students Introduction This research paper incorporates recent studies that explore the ethical and legal issues revolving around students, plagiarism, and the use of the Internet. First, this introductory portion provides an overview and historical background of plagiarism. This research further describes plagiarism while explaining how it affectsShow MoreRelatedPlagiarism : School College Of Health Science840 Words   |  4 PagesRunning head: PLAGIARISM 1 PLAGIARISM 2 Plagiarism Robert Blakley Baptist College of Health Science Abstract The paper analyzes the existing ethical academic dilemma of applying plagiarism within diverse academic works by students in general and nursing students in particular. It presents particular examples of well-known plagiarism cases and allows properly evaluating the reasons and ways of avoiding any acts of intentional and unintentional plagiarism. It emphasizes the necessityRead MoreThe Negative Aspects of Easy Information Access in Students Shall Not Download, Yeah, Sure by Zernike 573 Words   |  3 Pagesof easy information ´s access by Internet. In the article â€Å"Students Shall Not Download, Yeah, Sure†, Zerkine focuses mainly on content plagiarism and free download of music and movies through the interpretations of series of interviews ´ extracts to youth people, college students, and university authorities about the Internet phenomenon. The main point of the article is that the new generations do not distinguish between right and wrong behavior regarding Internet. They transit along free downloadingRead MorePlagiarism : Plagiarism And Plagiarism1147 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism Plagiarism is a major ethical risk in the academic research community (Martin et al., 2009). It is the act of presenting someone else work as one own work whether in full or partially. Several studies have explored the unethical component of plagiarism to students and researcher (Amodeo et al., 2005; Gullifer Tyson, 2010). The emergence of Internet technologies increases the risk of plagiarism in contemporary research since most plagiarism is escalated b computer technologies whereRead MoreEthics And The Internet Essay1707 Words   |  7 PagesEthics and the Internet â€Å"Access to and use of the Internet is a privilege and should be treated as such by all users of this system (Internet Activities Board 1989).† If people would understand this statement and accept the truth of this statement, then the world would be a better place for everyone on the internet. There are an estimated 2.1 billion people that use the internet worldwide (Miniwatts Marketing Group 2011). The majority of people that use the internet are polite, civilized, and decentRead MoreAssignment Unit 4 Legal And Ethical Issuesfin Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Assignment Unit 4 Legal and Ethical issues Legal issues Legal issues that affect Northbrook college are: Data Protection Act 1998: This controls the personal information that the government or organisations have of you and how it will be used. This gives individuals the right to know what information is held about them. The Data Protection act as 8 principles; 1) Data may only be used for the purpose it is collected. 2) Data must not be passed on to other people without theRead MoreThe Ethical Landscape Of Public Relations950 Words   |  4 PagesSection 1: The Ethical Landscape: An ethical dilemma occurs when elements of a moral system conflict, but it can be thought out rationally. Given this definition there has to be a guideline for professionals to follow who deal with ethical dilemmas on a daily basis. 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Read MoreOrganizational Ethics934 Words   |  4 PagesWeek Three Managerial Ethics †¢ Identify typical ethical problems of managers. †¢ Recognize differences in ethical behavior and responsibility between an employee and a manager. Course Assignments 4. Readings †¢ Read Ch. 6 7 of Managing Business Ethics. †¢ Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. 5. Learning Team Instructions †¢ Begin preparing for the Ethics in the Workplace Case Study Action Plan Presentation due in Week Five by reading one of the following case studies

Image of God Free Essays

string(62) " ways and the Grace of God shines through in many situations\." Christianity has been interpreted in many ways by different theologians and lay people. As much as this subject is studied there continues to be an ongoing differing of opinions relating to what it means to be created in the image of God. However, even with the differing of opinions, Christian faith is based on the central belief that Jesus is the Son of God, the second person of the Trinity of God the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit and that his life on earth, his crucifixion, resurrection, and ascension into heaven are proof of God’s love for humanity. We will write a custom essay sample on Image of God or any similar topic only for you Order Now infoplease. com, 2010). Although Christian beliefs are based on the New Testament, Christianity still views the Old Testament as a very important part of its faith and uses it often in reference and teaching. This paper will first discuss what it means to be created in the image of God as it pertains to my opinion and second how my beliefs on this subject are incorporated into my nursing practice. Man in God’s Image â€Å"The most distinctive feature of the biblical understanding of man is the teaching that man has been created in the image of God†. Hoekema, 1986). The bible refers to man being made in God’s image in both the Old Testament and the New Testament. In the Old Testament, the book of Genesis references man being made in God’s image in the Creation Story, in explanation of the generations of Adam to Noah and also again in the Covenant With Noah. Genesis: 1:26-28; 5:1-3 and 9:6. The New Testament references in many different books that man was made in the likeness of God and also speaks frequently of Jesus as being the perfect man who is made in the image of God. Hoekema states â€Å"Since Christ was totally without sin (Heb 4:15), in Christ we see the image of God in its perfection†. Christian belief follows that man was made in the image of God; however, differing theologians have developed differing theories over the years in regards to what it means to be made in the image of God. Theologian Saint Augustine of Hippo believed that humanity, which was created in the image of God, also had an image of the Trinity within it. He believed that there was evidence of the trinity within the human mind such as love, being, knowing, willing and understanding. (newworldencyclopedia. rg, 2010). According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC) â€Å"Of all visible creatures only man is ‘able to know and love his creator’. He is ‘the only creature on earth that God has willed for its own sake’, Man occupies a unique place in creation, he is ‘in the image of God†. God, creator of all life, made man uni que apart from other living things by giving him gifts such as dignity, self-knowledge, self-possession, the ability to commune with others, free will, faith and love. Creation began with Adam and has been passed down to all of humanity which, in turn, results in a unity within humanity. Acts 17:26 states â€Å"He made from one the whole human race to dwell on the entire surface of the earth, and he fixed the ordered seasons and the boundaries of their regions†. Because creation began with Adam, who was created in God’s image, and we are all from Adam, we too are created in God’s image. The question is what does this mean? For some it means, contrary to my personal beliefs, that with the Fall of Adam and the development of sin the image of God in humanity has been destroyed or corrupted. So what does it mean to be created in God’s image? Man was created with definitive differences from other animals. I believe animals are capable of love and all living things possess and innate ability for survival. I also believe that some animals are capable of a higher cognitive reasoning to an extent. For example, both sharks and chimpanzees have been taught to use a higher thought function in turn producing higher cognition. There is life, even within plants, that manifests and grows. However, God gave man a soul that with his body creates a unity. A soul that possesses unique gifts that other living things do not have. God gave man the ability to develop relationships with others and with God himself. I believe that God initially created man for companionship and love. Because of this our Creator has made a never-ending covenant with us and loves us unconditionally. I believe that God created man and woman equally and that the first union is the first representation of communion among humans. I believe that our humanity, made in God’s image, is created good. I believe that although there is sin in all of us, this sin does not corrupt our souls but because of Adam’s original sin, it is now within all of us, not as a personal fault but a flaw of humanity. A â€Å"wounded nature† (CCC). I believe that man is capable of personal sin and does so on a daily basis because of this wounded nature, however, God gave us free will and man has the choice of right and wrong. Unfortunately, since the Fall, man is no longer perfect with a divine likeness and sin is actually a proper state within humanity. Meaning that â€Å"As a result of its original sin, human nature is weakened in its powers; subject to ignorance, suffering, and the domination of death; and inclined to sin†. (CCC). God’s image remains present in us because we are created by God. Good remains present in us because we are created by God. This can be evidenced by seeing humanity helping each other in times of need, seeing love shared in so many forms and present in so many deeds, seeing the overall beauty of humanity that is present even though we live in a world of sin and imperfection. Man remains hopeful in many ways and the Grace of God shines through in many situations. You read "Image of God" in category "Papers" With all of this happening on a continual basis how could one question that man has lost his image of God? Yes, there is evil present in the world, as stated earlier mankind is weakened, only weakened, not distorted and corrupt. Personal Beliefs for Serving those in Need of Healthcare Now that ground has been established for how man is created in God’s image I would like to discuss how I personally not only see this within my nursing practice but also how I use it to provide care to patients. Shelly and Miller state that â€Å"The role of the nurse grew out a Christian understanding of the human person as created in the image of God and viewed the body as a living unity and the ‘temple of the Holy Spirit’ (1 Cor 3:16)†. As a nurse I find that this statement has very a great deal of truth in it. Nurses view the body as a Temple in many ways and assist those in who are not able to care for themselves. I feel that because we are created in God’s image, we should work to take care of ourselves and try to maintain a disease free state. Unfortunately, there are people who do not always share this view; this is where keeping God with us while giving care becomes very important. As nurses, whether it is an advanced practice nurse or a floor staff nurse, we have a desire to care for others. We want to help them return to a functioning state of health, whatever that may be because it differs depending on disease process. However, often times because a person has a chronic disease, he or she does not want to participate in their care or is short tempered with the staff that cares for this person. When this happens it is easy for a nurse to also become defensive and give less of herself to this person. Unfortunately, this happens frequently on busy units and emergency departments. If the nurse is not careful, he or she can become jaded and judgmental developing preconceived notions of patients based olely on the diagnosis or actions from the patient. However, if the nurse keeps God in her mind and close to her heart he or she is able to see the patient in a different light and can care for this patient in their diseased state knowing that we are all children of God and made in his image. In order to take optimal, holistic care of our patients we need to always keep with us that humanity is created in God’s image and that life is a sacred gift that we should respect on all levels no matter who the person is or how he or she may differ from yourself. When I am caring for my patients I try to always be not only sympathetic but empathetic. Being sick is a scary thing and often times the outcomes are unknown at the time of the present illness. Fear of the unknown is one of the most common stressors a person can have. So, if you take the stress of â€Å"not knowing† and combine it with the physical stress of being sick and emotional stress that accompanies not feeling well you can easily see that nurses often take care of patients when they are not only at a suboptimal level physically but also emotionally and often times spiritually. With this in mind one can understand the struggle on both sides of the spectrum; a person is at a place where he or she is requiring care from someone other than themselves. This person is a consumer and knows that he or she is paying for the care that is being received, with this in mind one can see how this can easily be looked at from a business-like perspective meaning basically an exchange of transactions and nothing more. However, in healthcare there is the human aspect that is very unique among business. We are in the business of caring. As nurses we not only know this, we feel this. We see a person in need and provide care for that person, this alone has aspects of the image of God within it. The desire to provide care and love for another being even when this being is not always acting kind or â€Å"doing the right thing† is a grace given to us by God. Jesus, the son of God, the second person of Trinity was a great healer and a caring, loving man. In all four of the Gospels, there are acts of healing documented that Jesus performed. Understanding that Jesus wanted to heal afflictions and help those who could not help themselves and knowing that he did this with kindness and love in his heart keeps me true to my profession and spirituality. Not everyone is blessed with good health and even those who are experience tragic events. Because humanity is a union, created by God and in the image of God, we are called to help one another not only in times of need but on a daily basis. I think that in doing this we strengthen our relationship between each other and with God. As a nurse I keep this in perspective so that I am not only helping my patients but also my patient’s family members, my fellow co-workers, and visitors with anything that I can. It is easy to look at a portion of the picture, but we should always take a few steps back and look at the whole picture. In doing this it helps facilitate not only one area but all areas. Jesus was always able to explain to his apostles the whole of a situation when they asked him questions, looking at a problem as a whole, rather than a portion makes it easier to treat everyone involved, not just one person. God has given humanity many gifts, such as the ones mentioned above. God also gives individuals gifts and graces them with the ability to perform and strengthen the gifts given to them. Although we are made in the image of God, people can differ a great deal. They differ in actions, opinions, thought and feelings this is a gift in itself. As nurses God has granted us with gifts of empathy, compassion, intuition and understanding. As much as nursing is a science it also holds a strong component of intuition and feeling. A patient connects with the nurse at the bedside because of the feelings that they share and experience together. When a nurse and a patient are able to connect on this level relationships are formed and care is given, received and collaborated. This bond that is created is another example of how we are created in God’s image and how we share this with others. Conclusion â€Å"To be created in the image of God means that we must look to God for our meaning, purpose, and direction. It also makes us thinking, willing, feeling, relational creatures who reflect these attributes of our Creator†. Shelly ; Miller, 2006). With this in mind we can all realize that to be created in the image of God is a gift, from a loving, relational God. I feel that if we can keep this thought in perspective, that our life, created in His image, is a gift and remain thankful for this gift we will be able to serve others with God in our hearts and minds. God did not create us to be solitary bein gs. He created us to commune together, to love one another and to help one another. Although our divine likeness has been weakened, it still remains and it is our responsibility to nurture our faith and help it o grow. When we do this we become closer to God and strengthen our bond not only with our love for humanity and the union we share with it but also our bond with God the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit. When we feel that closeness and strength it helps us to remember that we were created in His image and likeness which in turn helps us to live our faith. References Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church. 2nd ed. Vatican: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2000. Christianity: Central Beliefs. (2010). Retrieved September 13, 2010, from http://www. infoplease. com/ce6/society/A0857333. tml#ixzz0zQKnLsSt Created in god’s image. (1986). Grand Rapids, MI/Cambridge, UK: William B. Eerdmans. New American Bible, (1991). St. Joseph ed. Catholic book Publishing Corporatio n. New World Encyclopedia Online. (2010). Augustine of Hippo. Retrieved September 13, 2010, from http://www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/Augustine_of_Hippo Shelly, J. A. , Miller, A. B. (2006). Called to Care: A Christian Worldview for Nursing. 2nd ed. InterVarsity Press: Downersgrove, IL. What it Means for Humans to be Created in the Image of God THEO/532 September 14, 2010 Brandy Perkins Malone University How to cite Image of God, Papers Image of God Free Essays HB351- Assessment 3 – Essay This essay will explore my own practice perspective as a Christian counsellor; I will look at my own views and approaches to Christian counselling in particular in relation to human nature, abnormality/dysfunction, health, recovery, the therapeutic relationship, the therapeutic process and any essential counselling skills. How different counselling models impact my own Christian worldview, together with an integration of my own personal, scriptural, psychological and multicultural perspective will be included. Human Nature I have chosen in life to see the best in people the positive that we are made in the image of God and therefore if God make us so unique and special than all humans should be valued and respected. We will write a custom essay sample on Image of God or any similar topic only for you Order Now As it is said in the scriptures Genesis 1:27: â€Å"So God created ‘man’ in his own image, in the image of God he created him, male and female, he created them. (NIV Study Bible) I am not naive enough to believe that all people see the world in this light , but living in a fallen world and reflecting of the life of Christ who always was seen with the marginalised and the shunned, for me to work with all different people and see the diversity of God’s creation is a privilege and unique experience. In integrating my positive beliefs in human nature, working with the counselling model of Person Centred Therapy which helps people realise their potential and they are able to grow and change in a positive manner. In working in the person centred approach the therapeutic relationship is vital where unconditional positive regard, genuineness empathic understanding by the counsellor are very important. The counsellor needs to be there for people through their struggles as a positive influence for change and what the future holds, the person is contained and held to enable the growth towards a place of healing and realisation of their full potential (Prochaska, J. O. 2009. pp. 29-137) As Christ worked with the marginalised and everyone was the important no matter their status in life, journeying with a person should enable a person to see they are worthwhile and their opinions are significant. PCT is non-directive so therefore enables the counsellor to work cross culturally. PCT is a modality that stands out for me as it adheres for me to my own worldview, where everyone has the ability to reach there God given freedom and potential. From a Christian perspective PCT in their journey with God gives them the freedom to reach their potential and that they are truly a gift from God. Health Holistically people are whole beings made up of mind (social learning), body (biologically) and soul (choice-spiritual issues) to form the whole person (Class notes – HB351 – Week 7). Often in a situation can be spiritualised by a Christian counsellor but the whole person needs to be considered even Christ as shown in Luke 2:52 learnt and grew: Luke 2:52 â€Å"And Jesus grew in wisdom and stature and in favour with God and men†. NIV Study Bible) In the terms of all the aspects of stature- physician, wisdom – psychology, socially and favour with God spiritually in this scripture although Jesus is God he grew and attained knowledge like any other boy. However in considering the whole person and all the aspects one needs to consider their limitations and in living with the imperfections from being fallen, a cceptance and grace are vital in any healing process. My own worldview had been challenged in relation to the need for medication when someone is suffering from depression; I was very wary and did not accept the decision made by a doctor to give medication to my mother who was suffering from depression. This came from my experience with my aunt who had been medicated for depression and hospitalised constantly for 5 years prior to her death. However in coming to Christian Heritage College my view has changed and so seeing the person from a holistic view is very important, as an underlying medical condition may be overlooked if this is not considered when a person comes to counselling. Abnormality/Dysfunction Often if an abnormality or dysfunction is apparent in a person it can stem from a long held belief that can be either true or false. In class we spoke of 3 different types of irrational belief and this seemed clearer to me those that are too general and always true, too personalised and all about me and permanent and never going to change, As our actions have led to consequences that can be repeated over and over, action then the belief and consequence which is the feeling or behaviour that is repeated (Class Notes – HB351 – Week 6). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is an approach that I can see be helpful with the irrational thoughts that may be unrealistic and unhelpful, form the persons cognitions assumptions and beliefs (Class Notes – HB351 – Week 6). A CBT therapist would work with these irrational thoughts and there foundation and work with coping skills and techniques to form new feelings and behaviours, often basic as change is good and evitable in everyone’s life. Prochaska, J. O. 2009 pp. 479-480). The use of Cognitive Behaviour therapy could be helpful therefore to integrate into practice to use with other modalities. From a Christian perspective being transformed and renewing of one’s mind can be integrated with Cognitive Behaviour Therapy as in: Rom 12:2 â€Å"Do not conform any longer to the pattern of the world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind. They you will be able to rest and approve what God’s will is – his good, pleasing and perfect will. †(NIV Study Bible) Being transformed in Christ is an ongoing processes not a singular event, transforming of the mind where the mind and thoughts in this context relate to morality. One spiritual transformation has taken place through God’s will, ultimately God is wanting good from and for the person, leading to our spiritual and moral growth which God is wanting for us, but not perfect by our standards, by the will of God cannot be improved on. By Christ dying for our sin we can be transformed in Christ, and if there is dysfunction we can live in grace with our imperfections. Recovery In walking with others in their journey to recovery there are a number of different modalities that can be integrated with my view of recovery. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy can be used to renew the mind and giving the skills to help the person on their journey as discussed in the previous section. As well as from a Psychodynamic perspective someone recovery can be through their learning and growth that can happen for the person by understanding and acknowledging that most emotional problems originate from childhood experiences, and that all experience have a subsequent subconscious effect on the person (Prochaska, J. O. 2009 p . 26). Helping a person to identify subconscious thoughts, and how to understand these thoughts affect behaviour, is part of the building and restoration of relationship with others and God. Recovery through renewing of the mind, repentance, forgiveness and restoration of broken relationships releases healing and a redemptive process as humans we do not want to suffer but Jesus suffered and died on the cross for us. Often through suffering healing can be found as in the bible: Rom 5: 1-5 â€Å" Therefore we have been justified through faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have gained access by our faith into his grace in which we now stand. And we rejoice in the hope of the glory of God. Not only so but we also rejoice in our sufferings, because we know that suffering produces perseverance, perseverance, character and character, hope. And hope does not disappoint us because God has poured his love into our hearts by the Holy Spirit, whom he has given us. †(NIV Study Bible) In these scriptures Paul does not have a dark view of live but one of positiveness of life, Christians are able to rejoice in our sufferings as we know that it is not without meaning, purpose of which is produce character into the children of God. In the hope of God we are reassured that the love of God dwells within us which by the death of Christ on the cross has been revealed to us. Relationship Our relationships with God and others is the basis for our existence and for counsellors the therapeutic relationship needs to be built in a safe contained place where we need to be authentic in our relationship with the other person. Building on the therapeutic relationship with the use of counselling modalities such as in Narrative Therapy helping the client finds their own capacity to heal and open up the possibility of a new story by looking at any dominant or alternative stories that link to events in the past which have ongoing consequences. Assisting the person to move away from the thin stories and negative, which direct the outcomes in their lives, and helping the person and separate themselves from the problem that they were experiencing? (Morgan, A. 2000). From my Christian to explore the best possible outcome with a person and to look at all the possibilities for their life towards wholeness and well-being, would be an amazing journey. As in the bible relationships are central part of a person’s journey and being able to grow and learn from our relationship with others, God and ourselves. Process As I journey through my own process of learning and formulating which counselling modalities I can identify with and seeing how the process works, it has become evident how the process forms the understanding of what is happening and why it was so. Looking for the ‘golden threads’ or key elements of what the person is saying, not getting so bogged down in the basic counselling skills which are essential but looking past to what else is being said. Observing the total person, their expression, body language and being able to observe myself as the counsellor and the person simultaneously (Class notes – HB261). Meta skills although something fairly new to me using the process of CURE to connect, understand, respond and engage others and evaluate has shown me how important it is to find out what is happening for the person in their journey and why it is happening. This process and way of understanding fits with my own worldview of the person being a whole person, made up of body, emotions, intellect, psychological and spiritual aspects and keeping aware and observing all these aspects as best as possible you are more able to help the person to wholeness. While keeping all facets of the person in mind a major part or area for concern for them may come out in your interaction with them as you talk (Class Notes – HB261). Specific skills In the area of specific skills, all of the basis counselling skills are very important and something with practice I am sure will be more heightened and I will be more equipped to be more comfortable to work in different areas (Ivey and Ivey 2009). From my point of view a number of modalities come out when I speak to a person, that of person centred therapy to join and journey with the person where they are at. Also in Psychodynamic, where the concept of childhood being the arena where the issue has started and now manifested in the person in different ways, finding the source of the issue would be very exciting ((Prochaska, J. O. 2009 p . 26). Narrative therapy also fits with my thinking and I could see myself developing in this area more as separating the person from the problem and helping them to change the dominant story that controls them (Morgan, A. 2000). Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to help stem irrational thinking, aid by helping the person to attain skills for growth and learning (Prochaska, J. O. 009 pp. 479-480) As well as continuing my learning into sand play therapy (Kalff, 2003) and gestalt therapy (Prochaska, J. O. 2009 p . 160) which I could see would be very beneficial for the person under certain circumstances, as I have only touched on these, however this aligns with my world view of people being able to find the right path given the right tools. In conclusion challengin g my beliefs and where they came from is important and an ongoing process to me, as the presuppositions which have been constructed by my experience about Christianity and every other part of our life (Collins, G. 007). Being open to growth but also being open to others beliefs so I can be more able to engage with a client, not to let my presuppositions overtake, where I can become judgemental, I need to be open for to have a client believe in themselves I need to believe in them. Knowing that God made us in his image and ordained us to be born and we are all here for a purpose, what we believe in a person we need to see what God can do in their lives. In asking ourselves what does God say about this person and bring this into the therapeutic relationship, and ourselves be authentic as counsellors and in our interactions create a safe place for the client to be open to see their own values and beliefs and reflect upon them. References Class Notes – HB351 – Week 6 Class Notes – HB351 – Week 7 Class Notes – HB261(Processes and strategies in counselling). Collins, G. (2007). Christian counselling: a comprehensive guide. (3rd edn). Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson Ivey, A. E. , Ivey, M. B. , Zalaquett, C. P. (2009). Intentional Interviewing and counselling: Facilitating Development in a multicultural society. 7th ed. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks Cole. Kalff, D. M. (2003). Sandplay: A Psychotherapeutic Approach to the Psych. Chicago, USA: Temenos Press Morgan, A. (2000). What is NarrativeTherapy? An easy-to-read introduction. Adeliade,SA: Dulwich Centre Publications NIV Study Bible. (2002). Grand Rapid, Michigan, USA: Zondervan Prochaska, J. O. (2009). Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheioretical analysis. (7 ed. ). Belmont, CA: Brooks Cole. How to cite Image of God, Essay examples

Report On Quantitative Techniques In Business

Question - Prepare a report on Quantitative Techniques in Business? Answer - Introduction Quantitative analysis is a basic part of each and every business or industry. In each business and industry, there is a huge amount of data produced and therefore management team of such businesses or industries needs to analyze these data sets for the planning and marketing. Quantitative analysis also called as statistical analysis and it is consist of descriptive statistical measures as well as some inferential measures. Statistical analysis plays an important role in the planning and other functions of managerial team of the business or company or industry. Here, we have to study of quantitative techniques in business for one particular case. We are given a data for sunglasses for 12 months for the variables sales, prices, advertising expenditure, number of households, average sales experience and mean daily hours. The detailed table including the data is given in the appendix. Also, units for each variable are explained detail in the table attached in the appendix. We have to ana lyze this data by using some statistical methods. We have to see some descriptive statistics for the each variable under study. Also we have to see some graphical analysis for the given variables. From these graphs, we have to check whether there is any linear relationship or association observed between the two variables or not. For more detail of the linear relationship or association between the different variables under study, we have to see the correlation analysis. For this purpose, we have to see the correlation matrix which shows the relationship between every two variables. From this correlation analysis, we can check whether the linear relationship is significant or not. Also, we have to see the regression model for the given variables. Regression model helps for further estimation. Regression analysis explains the detailed relationship between and among the variables under study. Let us see all this quantitative or statistical analysis step by step given below. Descriptive Statistics-Graphical Analysis In this part, we have to see the descriptive statistics and graphical analysis for the given variables. First we have to see some descriptive statistics for the given variables such as sales of the sunglasses, price, advertising expenditure, number of households, average sales experience and mean daily hours. Descriptive statistics consist of the mean, mode, median, standard deviation, variance, minimum, maximum, kurtosis, skewness, etc. For the analysis of given variables, we have to use the SPSS software for analysis purpose. The descriptive statistics for the given variables are given in the following tables. Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Sum Mean Std. Deviation Variance Sales 12 75.00 2273.00 189.4167 83.25804 6931.902 Price 12 2.10 49.50 4.1250 1.60631 2.580 Advert_exp 12 2.00 177.00 14.7500 10.48050 109.841 No._households 12 500.00 7456.00 621.3333 102.51061 10508.424 Avg.Sales.experience 12 10.00 177.00 14.7500 2.95804 8.750 Mean_daily_hours 12 2.00 77.80 6.4833 3.16998 10.049 Valid N (listwise) 12 The average sales for the sunglasses is given as 189.4167(000). The standard deviation for sales for the sunglasses is given as 83.25804(000). All averages and standard deviations are summaries in the above table. Some other descriptive statistics are given in the following table: Descriptive Statistics N Range Maximum Mean Skewness Kurtosis Statistic Statistic Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error Statistic Std. Error Sales 12 243.00 318.00 24.03453 -.061 .637 -1.368 1.232 Price 12 4.70 6.80 .46370 .626 .637 -1.095 1.232 Advert_exp 12 28.00 30.00 3.02546 .136 .637 -1.768 1.232 No._households 12 270.00 770.00 29.59226 .264 .637 -1.787 1.232 Avg.Sales.experience 12 8.00 18.00 .85391 -.163 .637 -1.468 1.232 Mean_daily_hours 12 9.50 11.50 .91510 .076 .637 -1.232 1.232 Valid N (listwise) 12 For the variables sales of sunglasses and average sales experience, the skewness values are negative, this implies that the distribution is skewed at left side for these two variables. For all other variables, the distribution is positively skewed. All kurtosis values are negative for all variables. Now, we have to see some graphical analysis for the given variables. By using these graphs, we have to check the linear relationship or association between the two variables. For this purpose, we have to use the scatter diagram. Scatter diagram explains the relationship between the two variables graphically. The scatter diagram for the price and sales of sunglasses is given below: This diagram shows that there is negative association between the two variables sales and price. This scatter plots shows the approximately linear relationship exists between the sales and price. This scatter diagram implies that as the price of the sunglasses increases, the sales of the sunglasses decreases. Now, let us see the scatter diagram for the variable sales and advertisement expenditure. The diagram is given below: This scatter diagram also shows an approximately linear relationship or correlation between the sales and advertisement expenditure. This scatter shows positive linear relationship exists between the two variables sales and advertisement expenditure of sunglasses. This means that as the advertisement expenditure increases, the sales of the sunglasses also increases. Now, let us see the scatter diagram for the variable sales and average sales experience for sunglasses. The scatter diagram is given below: This diagram do not implies any linear relationship or association between the two variables sales of sunglasses and average sales experience for the sunglasses. This implies that the sales of the sunglasses do not depend upon the average sales experience for the sunglasses. Now, let us see the scatter diagram for the variable sales and number of households for sunglasses. The scatter diagram is given below: This scatter diagram implies an approximately linear relationship or association exists between the two variables sales of sunglasses and number of household in the area. This scatter diagram represents approximately positive relationship. This means that as the number of households increases, the sales of the sunglasses also increases. Now, let us see the scatter diagram for the variable sales and mean daily hours of sales for sunglasses. The scatter diagram is given below: This scatter diagram implies a positive linear relationship exists between the two variables mean daily hours and sales of the sunglasses. This means that as the mean daily hours increases, the sales of the sunglasses also increases. Correlation Analysis In the above part, we see the relationship between the two different variables by using the scatter diagram. In this part, we have to find the correlation coefficient between these two different variables under study. Correlation coefficient gives the exact extent of the linear relationship or association between these two variables. For this purpose, we have to find the correlation coefficient between the variables. The SPSS output for the correlation coefficients is given below: Correlations Sales Price Advert_exp No._households Avg.Sales.experience Mean_daily_hours Sales Pearson Correlation 1 -.922** .964** .641* .049 .973** Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .025 .880 .000 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 Price Pearson Correlation -.922** 1 -.885** -.601* .030 -.851** Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .039 .926 .000 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 Advert_exp Pearson Correlation .964** -.885** 1 .595* .130 .923** Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .041 .688 .000 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 No._households Pearson Correlation .641* -.601* .595* 1 -.272 .586* Sig. (2-tailed) .025 .039 .041 .393 .045 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 Avg.Sales.experience Pearson Correlation .049 .030 .130 -.272 1 .015 Sig. (2-tailed) .880 .926 .688 .393 .963 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 Mean_daily_hours Pearson Correlation .973** -.851** .923** .586* .015 1 Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .045 .963 N 12 12 12 12 12 12 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). *. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed). From the above table, the correlation between the two variables sales and price is given as -0.922, and this is high negative relationship. This fact we already observed in the scatter diagram. This correlation coefficient implies that as the price of the sunglasses increases, the sale of the sunglasses decreases and vice-versa. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and advertisement expenditure for the sunglasses is given as 0.964, this implies that there is high positive correlation between the sales of the sunglasses and advertisement expenditure for the sunglasses. This means that if we increase the budget for the advertisement for the sunglasses, it results into the increment of the sales of the sunglasses. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and average sales experience is given as 0.049, this is very low positive correlation coefficient. This implies that there is very low or no any correlation or linear relationship or ass ociation exists between the two variables sales of the sunglasses and the average sales experience. This represents that there is no important role for the experience of sales of sunglasses for increasing the total sales for the sunglasses. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and the mean daily hours is given as 0.973 and this is very high positive correlation coefficient. This means that there is strong correlation or linear relationship exists between the two variables sales of the sunglasses and the mean daily hours of sales of sunglasses. If the mean daily hour of sales increases, it results in the total increment of the sales of the sunglasses. Regression Analysis In quantitative techniques or statistical analysis, the regression analysis is nothing but the statistical process for the estimating the relationships among the different variables under study. This regression analysis technique includes the formation of regression equation for the estimation purpose. In this technique, we focus on one dependent variable and one or many other independent variables. In the regression analysis, the dependent variable is assumed as the linear function of the one or more than one independent variables. Now, we have to see the regression model for the linear relationship between all these variables. We consider the sales of the sunglasses as the dependent variable and for this regression model, we consider the independent variables as the price of the sunglasses, advertisement expenditure for the sunglasses, number of households in the area, average sales experience and mean daily hours for the sunglasses. The statistical analysis for this regression mod el for the given variables under study is very important for the future planning for sales of the sunglasses. This model or regression equation will help in planning and management and it will helpful for the estimation purpose. The SPSS output for this regression model is given below: Descriptive Statistics Mean Std. Deviation N Sales 189.4167 83.25804 12 Price 4.1250 1.60631 12 Advert_exp 14.7500 10.48050 12 No._households 621.3333 102.51061 12 Avg.Sales.experience 14.7500 2.95804 12 Mean_daily_hours 6.4833 3.16998 12 Correlations Sales Price Advert_exp No._households Avg.Sales.experience Mean_daily_hours Pearson Correlation Sales 1.000 -.922 .964 .641 .049 .973 Price -.922 1.000 -.885 -.601 .030 -.851 Advert_exp .964 -.885 1.000 .595 .130 .923 No._households .641 -.601 .595 1.000 -.272 .586 Avg.Sales.experience .049 .030 .130 -.272 1.000 .015 Mean_daily_hours .973 -.851 .923 .586 .015 1.000 Sig. (1-tailed) Sales .000 .000 .012 .440 .000 Price .000 .000 .019 .463 .000 Advert_exp .000 .000 .021 .344 .000 No._households .012 .019 .021 .196 .023 Avg.Sales.experience .440 .463 .344 .196 .482 Mean_daily_hours .000 .000 .000 .023 .482 N Sales 12 12 12 12 12 12 Price 12 12 12 12 12 12 Advert_exp 12 12 12 12 12 12 No._households 12 12 12 12 12 12 Avg.Sales.experience 12 12 12 12 12 12 Mean_daily_hours 12 12 12 12 12 12 Variables Entered/Removeda Model Variables Entered Variables Removed Method 1 Mean_daily_hours, Avg.Sales.experience, No._households, Price, Advert_expb . Enter a. Dependent Variable: Sales b. All requested variables entered The model summary for this regression model is given below: Model Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate 1 .995a .990 .982 11.07901 a. Predictors: (Constant), Mean_daily_hours, Avg.Sales.experience, No._households, Price, Advert_exp For this regression model, the multiple correlation coefficient R is given as 0.995 and this implies that there is high linear relationship exists between the dependent variable sales of the sunglasses and other independent variables such as price, advertisement experience, number of households, average sales experience and mean daily hours for the sale of sunglasses. The value of coefficient of determination or R square is given as 0.990, this implies that about 99% of the variation in the dependent variable sales of the sunglasses is explained by the independent variables price, advertisement expenditure, number of households, average sales experience and mean daily hours for the sale of sunglasses. In every regression model, ANOVA is very important for taking decision about the regression model. The ANOVA table is given as below: ANOVAa Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 75514.449 5 15102.890 123.043 .000b Residual 736.467 6 122.745 Total 76250.917 11 a Dependent Variable: Sales. b. Predictors: (Constant), Mean_daily_hours, Avg.Sales.experience, No._households, Price, Advert_exp For this ANOVA table, we get the test statistic value F as 123.043 and the p-value is given as the 0.000. So, here, p-value is less than the level of significance or alpha value 0.05 or 0.01, so we reject the null hypothesis that the given regression model is significant. The coefficients for the regression equation or model are given in the following table: Coefficientsa Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. 95.0% Confidence Interval for B B Std. Error Beta Lower Bound Upper Bound 1 (Constant) 76.051 46.882 1.622 .156 -38.667 190.768 Price -12.114 4.742 -.234 -2.555 .043 -23.718 -.511 Advert_exp 1.916 1.061 .241 1.806 .121 -.680 4.513 No._households .054 .045 .066 1.189 .279 -.057 .164 Avg.Sales.experience .981 1.342 .035 .731 .492 -2.302 4.265 Mean_daily_hours 13.449 2.864 .512 4.696 .003 6.442 20.457 a. Dependent Variable: Sales The regression equation for this regression model under study is given as below: Sales = 76.051 12.114*Price + 1.916*advertisement expenditure + 0.054*number of households + 0.981*average sales experience + 13.449*mean daily hours. Conclusion and recommendation (s) The correlation between the two variables sales and price is given as -0.922, and this is high negative relationship. This correlation coefficient implies that as the price of the sunglasses increases, the sale of the sunglasses decreases and vice-versa. So, it is recommended that do not increase the price of the sunglasses in high extent. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and advertisement expenditure for the sunglasses is given as 0.964, this implies that there is high positive correlation between the sales of the sunglasses and advertisement expenditure for the sunglasses. This means that if we increase the budget for the advertisement for the sunglasses, it results into the increment of the sales of the sunglasses. So, it is recommended that increase the budget for the advertisement of the sunglasses. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and average sales experience is given as 0.049, this is very low positive correlation coefficient. This implies that there is very low or no any correlation or linear relationship or association exists between the two variables sales of the sunglasses and the average sales experience. This represents that there is no important role for the experience of sales of sunglasses for increasing the total sales for the sunglasses. So, it is recommended that do not give importance for the experience of the employee for the sale of the sunglasses. The correlation coefficient between the sales of the sunglasses and the mean daily hours is given as 0.973 and this is very high positive correlation coefficient. This means that there is strong correlation or linear relationship exists between the two variables sales of the sunglasses and the mean daily hours of sales of sunglasses. If the mean daily hour of sales increases, it results in the total increment of the sales of the sunglasses. So, it is recommended that increase the total hours of sales. The multiple correlation coefficient R for given regression model is given as 0.995 and this implies that there is high linear relationship exists between the dependent variable sales of the sunglasses and other independent variables such as price, advertisement experience, number of households, average sales experience and mean daily hours for the sale of sunglasses. The value of coefficient of determination or R square is given as 0.990, this implies that about 99% of the variation in the dependent variable sales of the sunglasses is explained by the independent variables price, advertisement expenditure, number of households; average sales experience and mean daily hours for the sale of sunglasses. References Curwin J. and Slater R. (2007) Quantitative Methods for Business Decisions, (5thedn) Chapman Hall Wisniewski, M (2010) Quantitative Methods for Decision Makers, (5th edn) FT Prentice Hall Lucey T (2002) Quantitative Techniques, Thomson Learning Oakshott L (2006),Essential Quantitative Methods for Business, Management and Finance,(3ndedn) Palgrave Macmillan Swift, L, Piff, S. (2010) Quantitative Methods for Business, Management and Finance, (3rd end) Palgrave Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Sage publications. Sekaran, U. (2006). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley Sons. Cochran, William G.; Cox, Gertrude M. (1992). Experimental designs (2nd Ed.), New York: Wiley. Lehmann, E.L. (1959) Testing Statistical Hypotheses. John Wiley Sons. Montgomery, Douglas C. (2001). Design and Analysis of Experiments (5th Ed.), New York: Wiley. Appendix The table for the data is given below: Months Sales (000) Price () Advert Exp (000) No. Households Av. Sales Experience (years) Mean Daily Hours (number) (Number) January 75 6.8 2 515 10 2.4 February 90 6.5 5 542 18 4 March 148 6 6 576 18 5.2 April 183 3.5 7 617 11 6.8 May 242 3 22 683 14 8 June 263 2.9 25 707 18 8.4 July 278 2.6 28 500 17 10.4 August 318 2.1 30 742 14 11.5 September 256 3.1 22 747 12 9.6 October 200 3.6 18 770 13 6.1 November 140 4.2 10 515 18 3.4 December 80 5.2 2 542 14 2 The measurements and units for the variables under study are given in the following table: Variable Measurement Sales Total sales for the month (000) Price Average price of a sun glasses for the month () Advertising Exp. Average monthly expenditure incurred on advertising (000) Households The number of people in the community for the period month Experience Average number of years of sales experience (years) Hours of Sunshine Mean daily hours of sunshine (Hours)